Pull Up

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Intermediate
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A classic bodyweight vertical pull that targets the lats and biceps, building upper body strength and back width. It requires significant relative strength.

About Exercise

Equipment

Body Weight, Pull-up Bar

Difficulty

3/5 • Intermediate

Primary Muscle Groups

Lats

Secondary Muscles

Shoulders, Abs, Forearms

Popularity Score

9

Goals

Strength
Hypertrophy
Stability

Training Style

Calisthenics
Bodybuilding

Setup Requirements

Requires Rack

No

Requires Bench

No

Requires Spotter

No

Space Needed

Small

Noise Level

Low

Muscle Breakdown

Lats

10/10

Teres Major

Biceps

7/10

Long Head, Short Head, Brachialis

Traps

6/10

Mid Traps, Lower Traps

Shoulders

5/10

Rear Delts

Abs

3/10

Rectus Abdominis, Transverse Abdominis

Forearms

3/10

Flexors

Programming

Typical Rep Range

5-12 reps

Rest Between Sets

90-180 seconds • Rest longer for maximal strength efforts or lower rep sets.

How to Perform

Grasp the pull-up bar with a pronated (palms away) grip slightly wider than shoulder width. Start from a dead hang with arms fully extended and engage your core to stabilize your body.

  1. Initiate the pull by depressing your shoulder blades and engaging your lats.
  2. Drive your elbows straight down, pulling your chest toward the bar.
  3. Continue pulling until your chin is level with or above the bar.
  4. Slowly lower your body back down to the starting dead hang position with control.
  5. Maintain a tight core and straight torso throughout the movement.

Coaching Tips

Form Cues

  • Pull elbows to your hips.
  • Initiate with the lats.
  • Maintain tight core.
  • Controlled descent always.

Breathing

Inhale deeply as you lower into the dead hang position; exhale forcefully as you pull your body upward over the bar. Brace your core throughout.

Tempo

3-0-1

Range of Motion

Start from a complete dead hang with elbows extended; finish when the chin clears the bar or the chest lightly touches the bar.

Safety

Safety Notes

  • Avoid using momentum to swing into the rep.
  • Stop immediately if you experience sharp shoulder or elbow pain.
  • If you cannot perform a full rep, use negative reps or banded assistance.

Spotting

Not recommended; use an assisted pull-up machine, resistance bands, or focus on controlled negative repetitions instead.

Common Mistakes

  • Shrugging the shoulders toward the ears.
  • Using excessive momentum or kipping.
  • Arching the lower back excessively.
  • Failing to achieve full arm extension at the bottom.

When to Avoid

  • Acute shoulder impingement or rotator cuff injuries.
  • Severe elbow tendinitis.

Flexibility Needed

  • Good active shoulder mobility for full extension.
  • Adequate grip strength.

Build Up First

  • Ability to perform a controlled dead hang.
  • Competency in scapular retraction and depression.

Also known as

Pull Ups, Trac tions, Rack Chin-Up

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